{"id":73,"date":"2019-03-05T15:18:59","date_gmt":"2019-03-05T15:18:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lietaviete.wordpress.com\/?p=73"},"modified":"2019-05-31T22:00:58","modified_gmt":"2019-05-31T20:00:58","slug":"ieksejs-tuksums-garigs-process-vai-psihologiska-problema","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ineselietaviete.lv\/index.php\/2019\/03\/05\/ieksejs-tuksums-garigs-process-vai-psihologiska-problema\/","title":{"rendered":"Iek\u0161\u0113js tuk\u0161ums \u2013 gar\u012bgs process vai psiholo\u0123iska probl\u0113ma?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"man-lonely-pier-horizon-dark-clouds-sea\"<\/strong>Inese Lietaviete, MgPsych<\/p>\n

\u201eK\u0101du dienu man viss r\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s meln\u0101s kr\u0101s\u0101s \u2013 mana tum\u0161\u0101 un nosl\u0113gt\u0101 dz\u012bve slimnieku korpus\u0101 bez saules, bez gaismas, bez nevienas lietas, kas var\u0113tu pal\u012bdz\u0113t nest nastu, ko Dievs man ir uzlicis… Slim\u012bba, klus\u0113\u0161ana, pamest\u012bba… Mana dv\u0113sele \u013coti cieta. Mani p\u0101rpludin\u0101ja atmi\u0146as par pasauli, par br\u012bv\u012bbu… Manas domas bija skumjas, dr\u016bmas, man \u0161\u0137ita, ka man\u012b nav m\u012blest\u012bbas pret Dievu, ka cilv\u0113ki ir mani aizmirsu\u0161i, ka man nav ne tic\u012bbas, ne gaismas. Habits man bija par nastu… Man bija auksti un n\u0101ca miegs… Nem\u0101ku aprakst\u012bt… Viss reiz\u0113. Tumsa bazn\u012bc\u0101 mani skumdin\u0101ja. Es skat\u012bjos uz tabern\u0101kulu, un tas man neko nenoz\u012bm\u0113ja. Man \u0161\u0137ita, ka esmu dz\u012bvs aprakts, man \u0161\u0137ita, ka esmu kloster\u012b k\u0101 mironis sav\u0101 kap\u0101, slikt\u0101k nek\u0101 kap\u0101, jo kap\u0101 vismaz var atp\u016bsties. (..) Taj\u0101 br\u012bd\u012b es tik tie\u0161\u0101m b\u016btu grib\u0113jis nomirt… Ta\u010du tikai t\u0101p\u0113c, lai neciestu. V\u0113l\u0101k sapratu, ka tas bija k\u0101rdin\u0101jums,\u201d[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> par savu iek\u0161\u0113jo p\u0101rdz\u012bvojumu dienasgr\u0101mat\u0101 raksta br\u0101lis Rafa\u0113ls Arnaiss Barons, kuru p\u0101vests Benedikts XVI 2009. gad\u0101 piepulcin\u0101ja Bazn\u012bcas sv\u0113to pulkam. Sv\u0113tais neveiksminieks<\/em>, k\u0101 br\u0101li Rafa\u0113lu d\u0113v\u0113 vi\u0146a dz\u012bves biogr\u0101fi, \u013coti prec\u012bzi atspogu\u013co izj\u016btas, kas saist\u012btas ar gar\u012bgu p\u0101rbaud\u012bjumu, kuru vi\u0146\u0161 p\u0101rdz\u012bvoja neilgi pirms savas n\u0101ves 26 gadu vecum\u0101 diab\u0113ta izrais\u012btas komas rezult\u0101t\u0101. K\u0101 br\u0101lis Rafa\u0113ls pamana \u2013 k\u0101rdin\u0101jums, paciet\u012bb\u0101 panests, atk\u0101pjas, pie\u0146emot Kungu Kom\u016bnij\u0101: \u201eTikko es biju nometies ce\u013cos ar nodomu l\u016bgt, lai J\u0113zus d\u0101v\u0101 mieru manam garam, es sajutu neaprakst\u0101mu dedz\u012bbu un bezgal\u012bgu m\u012blest\u012bbu pret J\u0113zu un piln\u012bgi aizmirsu par sav\u0101m iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101m dom\u0101m, atceroties v\u0101rdus, kurus, manupr\u0101t, man taj\u0101 br\u012bd\u012b iedvesa J\u0113zus un kuri skan: \u201eEs esmu aug\u0161\u0101mcel\u0161an\u0101s un dz\u012bv\u012bba!\u201d[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Katrs, kur\u0161 ir izl\u0113mis nopietni uzs\u0101kt gar\u012bg\u0101s dz\u012bves ce\u013cu, var b\u016bt dro\u0161s, ka agr\u0101k vai v\u0113l\u0101k piedz\u012bvos da\u017e\u0101dus iek\u0161\u0113jus att\u012bro\u0161us procesus, kuri vienlaikus skars gan gar\u012bgo, gan ar\u012b psiholo\u0123isko, emocion\u0101lo person\u012bbas sf\u0113ru. \u0160o p\u0101rdz\u012bvojumu fenomenolo\u0123iskos aprakstus varam las\u012bt daudzu sv\u0113to misti\u0137u (piem., sv. J\u0101\u0146a no Krusta, sv. Ign\u0101cija no Lojolas, sv. M\u0101tes Ter\u0113zes) autobiogr\u0101fiskaj\u0101s piez\u012bm\u0113s. Tom\u0113r mistisk\u0101 pieredze nav rezerv\u0113ta tikai izredz\u0113tajiem, kurus Bazn\u012bca pasludina par sv\u0113tajiem, bet, k\u0101 uzsver karmel\u012btu t\u0113vs Marija Eug\u0113nijs no B\u0113rna J\u0113zus, \u2013<\/p>\n

\u201ekatra dzi\u013ca gar\u012bg\u0101 dz\u012bve ir mistiska pieredze\u201d[3]<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Visi kristie\u0161i ir potenci\u0101li misti\u0137i! Katrs, kur\u0161 savu tic\u012bbu tver nopietni, agr\u0101k vai v\u0113l\u0101k saskarsies ar izaicin\u0101jumu ieiet \u201etic\u012bbas nakt\u012b\u201d. Protams, ka m\u016bsu \u201enakts\u201d form\u0101ts var b\u016bt at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgs, dro\u0161i vien \u2013 daudz maz\u0101ks nek\u0101 sv. J\u0101\u0146a no Krusta vai sv. M\u0101tes Ter\u0113zes nakts, tom\u0113r m\u0113s varam paman\u012bt, ka m\u016bsu gar\u012bg\u0101s tumsas un tuk\u0161uma pieredzei ir ar\u012b daudz kop\u012bg\u0101, ka m\u0113s visi esam uz viena ce\u013ca, kas ved m\u016bs uz to pa\u0161u, vien\u012bgo m\u0113r\u0137i. Un \u0161o m\u0113r\u0137i nav iesp\u0113jams sasniegt, neejot tums\u0101 kl\u0101to ce\u013ca gabalu.<\/p>\n

Mana psihologa un psihoterapeita darba prakse, k\u0101 ar\u012b kalpo\u0161ana ar gar\u012bg\u0101s vad\u012bbas sarun\u0101m man ir sniegusi iesp\u0113ju un \u017e\u0113last\u012bbu v\u0113rot Dieva darbus cilv\u0113kos it k\u0101 no \u201etuvpl\u0101na\u201d. It \u012bpa\u0161i klusuma rekolekciju ietvaros, kad gar\u012bgie procesi un c\u012b\u0146as norit liel\u0101k\u0101 intensit\u0101t\u0113 nek\u0101 ikdien\u0101, rekolekciju dal\u012bbniekiem \u013coti pal\u012bdzo\u0161a parasti izr\u0101d\u0101s saruna par gar\u012bgo atpaz\u012b\u0161anu, kur\u0101 pieskaramies Dieva dotajam gar\u012bg\u0101 mierin\u0101juma st\u0101voklim, k\u0101 ar\u012b saj\u016bt\u0101m, kas pret\u0113jas tam \u2013 proti pamest\u012bbai, gar\u012bgam tuk\u0161umam, kuru sv. Ign\u0101cijs no Lojolas raksturo k\u0101<\/p>\n

\u201edv\u0113seles trulumu, apjukumu, kur\u0101 par\u0101d\u0101s impuls\u012bvi pamudin\u0101jumi uz zem\u0101m un pasaul\u012bg\u0101m liet\u0101m, nemiers (..), kad dv\u0113selei \u0161\u0137iet, ka t\u0101 ir pavisam nolaid\u012bga, remdena, skumja un j\u016btas \u0161\u0137irta no sava Rad\u012bt\u0101ja un Kunga\u201d (Gar\u012bgie Vingrin\u0101jumi, 317<\/em>).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

P\u0101rsvar\u0101 katrs, kur\u0161 ir \u013c\u0101vies izaicin\u0101jumam iziet klusuma \u201etuksnes\u012b\u201d un velt\u012bt laiku paildzin\u0101tai l\u016bg\u0161anai, ar p\u0101rsteigumu apjau\u0161 \u2013 j\u0101, tas ir par mani! Tie\u0161i tas ar mani notiek!<\/p>\n

Tom\u0113r j\u0101atz\u012bst, ka nereti ir gr\u016bti rast prec\u012bzas defin\u012bcijas un no\u0161\u0137\u012brumus dv\u0113seles st\u0101vok\u013ciem \u2013 vai t\u0101 ir att\u012bro\u0161\u0101 saj\u016btu nakts, par kuru run\u0101 sv. J\u0101nis no Krusta, vai ar\u012b pamest\u012bbas jeb p\u0101rbaud\u012bjuma pieredze, kuras dinamiku raksturo sv. Ign\u0101cija no Lojolas? Bet varb\u016bt konkr\u0113t\u0101 cilv\u0113ka gar\u012bgo gr\u016bt\u012bbu pamat\u0101 ir psiholo\u0123iskas probl\u0113mas, k\u0101ds noz\u012bm\u012bgs zaud\u0113jums vai iek\u0161\u0113js konflikts, kas neatpaz\u012bts un laikus neatrisin\u0101ts, p\u0101raug depresij\u0101? Var paman\u012bt, ka \u0161ie jaut\u0101jumi pa\u0161laik k\u013c\u016bst arvien aktu\u0101l\u0101ki, par ko liecina ar\u012b pieaugo\u0161ais publik\u0101ciju skaits, kas cen\u0161as no krist\u012bga skatu punkta analiz\u0113t depresijas probl\u0113mas, nereti sasaistot to ar gar\u012bgiem procesiem, tai skait\u0101, ar\u012b mistisk\u0101s \u201etum\u0161\u0101s nakts\u201d pieredzi[4]<\/a>. L\u012bdz ar to noder\u012bgi ir preciz\u0113t \u0161o da\u017e\u0101do procesu robe\u017eas un krustpunktus.<\/p>\n

\u201ePamest\u012bba\u201d un \u201etum\u0161\u0101 nakts\u201d \u2013 krustpunkti <\/strong><\/h3>\n

Sv. Ign\u0101ciju no Lojolas (1491- 1556) un sv. J\u0101ni no Krusta (1542-1591) var\u0113tu d\u0113v\u0113t par laikabiedriem, kuri viens otru papildina, lai ar\u012b vi\u0146u gar\u012bg\u0101 pieredze, k\u0101 ar\u012b rakst\u012bbas stils at\u0161\u0137iras. Run\u0101jot par dv\u0113seles gar\u012bgo transform\u0101ciju, Ign\u0101cija atzi\u0146as ir \u013coti univers\u0101las \u2013 t\u0101s ir attiecin\u0101mas gan uz ies\u0101c\u0113ju, kur\u0161 v\u0113l tikai uzs\u0101k ce\u013cu kop\u0101 ar Kristu, gan ar\u012b uz pieredz\u0113ju\u0161u ce\u013ca g\u0101j\u0113ju, kas izv\u0113l\u0101s ne tikai starp  \u013cauno un labo<\/em>, bet jau virz\u0101s no lab\u0101 uz lab\u0101ko<\/em>. Ign\u0101cijs pamana, ka \u0161\u0101d\u0101 situ\u0101cij\u0101 Dieva Gars sniedz iepriecin\u0101jumu un mierin\u0101jumu, savuk\u0101rt \u013caunais cen\u0161as trauc\u0113t, ienesot nemieru un pamest\u012bbas izj\u016btas. Turpretim \u2013 ja cilv\u0113ks, no lab\u0101 novirzoties, dodas uz slikt\u0101ko, gar\u012bgo sp\u0113ku ietekme vi\u0146a dz\u012bv\u0113 k\u013c\u016bst pret\u0113ja: \u013caunais gars mierina un iedro\u0161ina turpin\u0101t ies\u0101kto lejupsl\u012bdi, savuk\u0101rt Dievs, v\u0113loties dv\u0113seli pasarg\u0101t, modina nemieru un sirdsapzi\u0146as p\u0101rmetumus, l\u012bdz ar to \u2013 Dieva darb\u012bba subjekt\u012bvi tiek piedz\u012bvota k\u0101 p\u0101rbaud\u012bjums, nevis iepriecin\u0101jums. Ign\u0101cijs nor\u0101da ar\u012b tr\u012bs galvenos iemeslus pamest\u012bbai: pirmk\u0101rt, t\u0101 var b\u016bt sekas m\u016bsu nolaid\u012bbai, slinkumam vai pavir\u0161\u012bbai gar\u012bgajos centienos, otrk\u0101rt, t\u0101 var b\u016bt Dieva pie\u013cauts p\u0101rbaud\u012bjums, lai m\u0113s atkl\u0101tu, cik liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 kalpojam Kungam Vi\u0146a pa\u0161a d\u0113\u013c, neskatoties uz iepriecin\u0101jumu tr\u016bkumu, un tre\u0161k\u0101rt, pamest\u012bbas pieredze pal\u012bdz atkl\u0101t, ka viss m\u016bsu gar\u012bgaj\u0101 dz\u012bv\u0113 ir Kunga d\u0101v\u0101ta \u017e\u0113last\u012bba, bez kuras nesp\u0113jam saglab\u0101t nedz dievbij\u012bbu, nedz m\u012blest\u012bbu (sal. Gar\u012bgie Vingrin\u0101jumi, 322<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Savuk\u0101rt J\u0101\u0146a no Krusta m\u0101c\u012bba, kuras \u201em\u0113r\u0137auditorija\u201d tolaik bija galvenok\u0101rt reform\u0113t\u0101 Karmela locek\u013ci, ir vair\u0101k dom\u0101ta tiem, kuri atrodas jau t\u0101l\u0101k gar\u012bg\u0101s pilnveido\u0161an\u0101s ce\u013c\u0101, lai gan, k\u0101 to pamana karmel\u012btu t\u0113vs V. Stinissens, m\u016bsdien\u0101s ir v\u0113rojama Dieva darb\u012bbas \u201eakceler\u0101cija\u201d \u2013 daudzi cilv\u0113ki sa\u0146em \u012bpa\u0161as mistiskas d\u0101vanas \u013coti dr\u012bz p\u0113c savas atgrie\u0161an\u0101s, jo \u017e\u0113last\u012bba burtiski \u201esteidzina\u201d, \u013caujot dv\u0113selei it k\u0101 \u201ep\u0101rlekt pirmajiem trim dv\u0113seles pils m\u0101jok\u013ciem un uzreiz ien\u0101kt ceturtaj\u0101\u201d[5]<\/a>. At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bb\u0101 no \u201epamest\u012bbas pieredzes\u201d, kas tika ieskic\u0113ta jau iepriek\u0161, \u201etum\u0161\u0101 nakts\u201d ir st\u0101voklis, kur\u0101 Dievs darbojas \u012bpa\u0161i akt\u012bvi dv\u0113seles sv\u0113tdar\u012b\u0161anas lab\u0101, kaut ar\u012b dv\u0113sele to nemana un nesp\u0113j uztver ar sav\u0101m ma\u0146\u0101m, l\u012bdz ar to \u2013 piedz\u012bvo subjekt\u012bvu tumsu. Priek\u0161nosac\u012bjums, lai ieietu \u0161aj\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b, ir m\u012blest\u012bbas uz Dievu briedums un ilgas pie\u0146emt no Dieva rokas visu \u2013 pat ja tas b\u016btu saist\u012bts ar s\u0101p\u0113m, k\u0101 ar\u012b v\u0113l\u0113\u0161an\u0101s upur\u0113t visu, lai tikai var\u0113tu satikt Dievu un Vi\u0146\u0101 piepild\u012bt gar\u012bg\u0101s sl\u0101pes. Tas \u013cauj Dievam br\u012bvi darboties dv\u0113sel\u0113 \u2013 k\u0101 \u201e\u0137irurga skalpelim\u201d, kas atbr\u012bvo no m\u016bsu l\u012bdz\u0161in\u0113jiem priek\u0161statiem par Dievu un att\u012bra m\u016bsu ilgas p\u0113c Vi\u0146a.<\/p>\n

J\u0101nis no Krusta run\u0101 par div\u0101m nakt\u012bm, kuras dv\u0113selei ir j\u0101p\u0101rvar \u2013 pirm\u0101 no t\u0101m skar saj\u016btas un sagatavo dv\u0113seli kontemplat\u012bvajai l\u016bg\u0161anai, kur\u0101 t\u0101 vairs nevar balst\u012bties uz sav\u0101m ma\u0146\u0101m vai sp\u0113j\u0101m, savuk\u0101rt otr\u0101 \u2013 gara nakts \u2013 ieved piln\u012bg\u0101 vienot\u012bb\u0101 ar Dievu. Lai ar\u012b ejot caur nakti, dv\u0113sele neizj\u016bt Dieva kl\u0101tb\u016btni, tom\u0113r Dievs ir \u013coti kl\u0101teso\u0161s un darb\u012bgs taj\u0101, l\u012bdz ar to, k\u0101 uzsver J\u0101nis no Krusta, dv\u0113selei ir svar\u012bgi palikt mier\u0101 un uztic\u012bb\u0101 Dievam. \u0160aj\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 dv\u0113seles nakts pieredze vair\u0101k l\u012bdzin\u0101s mierin\u0101juma, nevis pamest\u012bbas pieredzei, ja run\u0101jam Ign\u0101cija valod\u0101. Mierin\u0101juma pieredze, k\u0101 to piemin Ign\u0101cijs, ne vienm\u0113r ir sensu\u0101ls iepriecin\u0101jums, jo iek\u0161\u0113jais miers un virz\u012bba uz labo, kas tai rakstur\u012bga, nereti var b\u016bt saist\u012bta ar\u012b ar iek\u0161\u0113ju sausumu un pa\u0161upur\u0113\u0161anos. L\u012bdz\u012bgi ar\u012b, piedz\u012bvojot nakti, dv\u0113sele neizj\u016bt ar ma\u0146\u0101m j\u016btamu mierin\u0101jumu, vien to, ka nostiprin\u0101s vi\u0146as uztic\u012bba Dievam, citiem v\u0101rdiem \u2013 svar\u012bgs nav izjustais, bet gan tas, kas ien\u0101k dv\u0113sel\u0113. \u0160is krit\u0113rijs ir \u013coti svar\u012bgs, lai iz\u0161\u0137irtu, k\u0101ds gars vada dv\u0113seli \u2013 ja Dievs vada dv\u0113seli caur nakti, t\u0101 piedz\u012bvo gr\u016bt\u012bbas k\u0101 att\u012br\u012b\u0161anu, kuras rezult\u0101t\u0101 izkristaliz\u0113jas dv\u0113seles fundament\u0101l\u0101 izv\u0113le un uztic\u012bba Dievam, turpretim \u2013 ja dv\u0113sele nepamana, ka \u013caunais izmanto t\u0101s sausumu un nesp\u0113ju sajust Dieva kl\u0101tb\u016btni un interpret\u0113 to k\u0101 pier\u0101d\u012bjumu savam iek\u0161\u0113jam \u013caunumam un pamest\u012bbai no Dieva, tad, iekr\u012btot mazd\u016b\u0161\u012bb\u0101, dv\u0113sele zaud\u0113 savu dedz\u012bbu un t\u0101s uztic\u012bba pak\u0101peniski mazin\u0101s.<\/p>\n

\u013boti uzrun\u0101jo\u0161a \u0161\u0101das gar\u012bgas nakts ilustr\u0101ciju, kas, turkl\u0101t, ir \u013coti tuva m\u016bsdien\u0101m, atkl\u0101j m\u0101tes Ter\u0113zes 1961. gad\u0101 rakst\u012bt\u0101 v\u0113stule vi\u0146as gar\u012bgajam t\u0113vam Noineram, jezu\u012btu priesterim:<\/p>\n

\u201eT\u0113vs, kop\u0161 1949. vai 1950. gada man ir \u0161\u012b \u0161ausm\u012bg\u0101 zaud\u0113juma izj\u016bta, \u0161\u012b neizsak\u0101m\u0101 vientul\u012bba, \u0161\u012bs nerimsto\u0161\u0101s ilgas p\u0113c Dieva, kas sird\u012b rada dzi\u013cas s\u0101pes. Tumsa ir tik bieza, ka es patie\u0161\u0101m ar savu pr\u0101tu neredzu. Dieva vieta man\u0101 dv\u0113sel\u0113 ir tuk\u0161a \u2013 man\u012b nav Dieva. Kad s\u0101pes, ko rada ilgas, k\u013c\u016bst sp\u0113c\u012bgas, es tikai ilgojos, ilgojos p\u0113c Dieva, un tad es j\u016btu, ka neesmu Vi\u0146am vajadz\u012bga, ka Vi\u0146a \u0161eit nav.\u201d<\/em>[6]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Tom\u0113r z\u012bm\u012bgi, ka, neraugoties uz neaprakst\u0101mo iek\u0161\u0113jo tumsu, kuru m\u0101te Ter\u0113ze piedz\u012bvoja, ne uz br\u012bdi nemazin\u0101j\u0101s vi\u0146as uztic\u012bba Dievam \u2013<\/p>\n

\u201eEs devu sv\u0113tsol\u012bjumu, ka neatteik\u0161u Vi\u0146am neko (..), \u0161o sol\u012bjumu esmu tur\u0113jusi\u201d[7]<\/strong><\/a>,<\/em> k\u0101 ar\u012b \u2013 \u201ees neko nej\u016btu, atrazdam\u0101s J\u0113zus priek\u0161\u0101, ta\u010du es ne par ko pasaul\u0113 neizlaid\u012b\u0161u Sv\u0113t\u0101s Kom\u016bnijas pie\u0146em\u0161anu\u201d<\/em>.[8]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

K\u0101 Ign\u0101cijs, t\u0101 ar\u012b J\u0101nis no Krusta pamana, ka \u013caunais gars nereti atkl\u0101jas \u201egaismas e\u0146\u0123e\u013ca\u201d izskat\u0101, cen\u0161oties dv\u0113seli pievilt ar maldino\u0161u iepriecin\u0101jumu vai mierin\u0101jumu, lai, maz\u0101ka labuma iedro\u0161in\u0101ta, t\u0101 pamestu ies\u0101kto ce\u013cu uz piln\u012bgo labumu. L\u012bdz ar to \u013coti svar\u012bgs ir v\u0113r\u012bgums, lai izv\u0113rt\u0113tu jebkura pamudin\u0101juma \u201eaug\u013cus\u201d, k\u0101 ar\u012b iek\u0161\u0113ja br\u012bv\u012bba, atbr\u012bvo\u0161an\u0101s no nesak\u0101rtot\u0101m iegrib\u0101m un emocij\u0101m, kas ir jebkuras izzin\u0101\u0161anas pamat\u0101 (Ign\u0101cijs to sauc par \u201egar\u012bgo vienaldz\u012bbu\u201d jeb indiferenci, savuk\u0101rt J\u0101nis no Krusta sav\u0101 m\u0101c\u012bb\u0101 uzsver atteik\u0161anos no visa \u2013 \u201enada<\/em>\u201d (sp\u0101\u0146u val.) \u2013 \u201enekas\u201d). Abi sv\u0113tie vienpr\u0101t\u012bgi to pie\u0146em par svar\u012bg\u0101ko garu at\u0161\u0137ir\u0161anas priek\u0161noteikumu, k\u0101 ar\u012b nor\u0101da, ka mierin\u0101juma \/ pamest\u012bbas pieredzes ir j\u0101saprot k\u0101 intens\u012bvi un ilglaic\u012bgi dv\u0113seles st\u0101vok\u013ci, nevis tikai p\u0101rejo\u0161as un uz saj\u016bt\u0101m balst\u012btas pieredzes[9]<\/a>. Turkl\u0101t abi sv\u0113tie, lai mazin\u0101tu subjekt\u012bvu interpret\u0101ciju un gar\u012bg\u0101s nomald\u012b\u0161an\u0101s risku, uzsver ar\u012b gar\u012bg\u0101s vad\u012bbas noz\u012bmi iek\u0161\u0113jo procesu atpaz\u012b\u0161an\u0101. Un \u0161is uzst\u0101d\u012bjums gar\u012bg\u0101s dz\u012bves pilnveidei nav m\u016bsdien\u0101s zaud\u0113jis neko no savas aktualit\u0101tes.<\/p>\n

Gar\u012bgo procesu psiholo\u0123iskie aspekti<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Att\u012bro\u0161ais, sv\u0113tdaro\u0161ais Dieva darbs m\u016bsos, kas tuvina m\u016bs es\u012bbas kodolam, vienot\u012bbai ar Dievu m\u016bsu pa\u0161u dv\u0113seles centr\u0101, nenoliedzami skar ar\u012b person\u012bbas \u201e\u0101r\u0113jos\u201d, virspus\u0113jos sl\u0101\u0146us. Gar\u012bg\u0101 nakts, Dieva \u017e\u0113last\u012bbas darbs m\u016bsos ir it k\u0101 \u201eiezem\u0113ts\u201d, iesak\u0146ots m\u016bsu psihofiziskaj\u0101 kond\u012bcij\u0101, person\u012bbas iez\u012bm\u0113s, noz\u012bm\u012bgu dz\u012bves notikumu (\u012bpa\u0161i \u2013 agr\u012bnas pieredzes) kontekst\u0101.  \u017d\u0113last\u012bba ir \u201euzpot\u0113ta\u201d m\u016bsu cilv\u0113ciskajai dabai…<\/p>\n

\u201eKas tad ir \u0161\u012b \u017e\u0113last\u012bba psiholo\u0123iskaj\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b? Tas nav nek\u0101ds d\u0101rgums, kodols, kas b\u016btu ielikts k\u0101d\u0101 m\u016bsu dv\u0113seles nost\u016br\u012b,\u201d uzsver karmel\u012btu t\u0113vs Marija-Eug\u0113nijs no B\u0113rna J\u0113zus, \u201ebet gan \u2013 \u017e\u0113last\u012bba zin\u0101m\u0101 veid\u0101 papildina m\u016bsu psiholo\u0123isko b\u016btni, nostiprin\u0101s taj\u0101 (..), t\u0101 ir cita daba, kas papildina m\u016bsu cilv\u0113cisko dabu, uzsl\u0101\u0146ojas tai.\u201d[10]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nav iesp\u0113jams piln\u012bb\u0101 nodal\u012bt person\u012bbas psiholo\u0123isko sf\u0113ru no gar\u012bg\u0101s, jo t\u0101s caurau\u017e viena otru. Svar\u012bgi ir atz\u012bt, ka ar\u012b sv\u0113to piedz\u012bvot\u0101s \u201enaktis\u201d ir biju\u0161as tik da\u017e\u0101das, cik da\u017e\u0101das ir \u0161o sv\u0113to person\u012bbas, vi\u0146u cilv\u0113ciskais trauslums, j\u016bt\u012bgums, jo sv\u0113tie nav tikai gar\u012bgas, ide\u0101las b\u016btnes, kuru dz\u012bve b\u016btu norisin\u0101jusies atraut\u012bb\u0101 no vi\u0146u psihosomatisk\u0101s realit\u0101tes, temperamenta un ikdienas dz\u012bves da\u017e\u0101daj\u0101m probl\u0113m\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Sensor\u0101 un fizisk\u0101 jut\u012bguma l\u012bmenis, emocionalit\u0101te un visp\u0101r\u0113jais noska\u0146ojums, reakciju intensit\u0101te stresa situ\u0101cij\u0101s, sp\u0113ja vai nesp\u0113ja piel\u0101goties jauniem apst\u0101k\u013ciem, uzman\u012bbas notur\u012bba \u2013 t\u0101s visas ir temperamenta iez\u012bmes, kas visliel\u0101kaj\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir biolo\u0123iski noteiktas, iedzimtas un raksturo nervu sist\u0113mas funkcion\u0113\u0161anu, ko nevar ietekm\u0113t ar apzin\u0101tu gribas piep\u016bli. L\u012bdz ar to cilv\u0113ku, kura j\u016bt\u012bgums ir liel\u0101ks, daudz viegl\u0101k sp\u0113s s\u0101pin\u0101t vai satraukt lietas, kas citam \u0161\u0137istu neb\u016btiski s\u012bkumi. Tom\u0113r pat psiholo\u0123isk\u0101s dabas nepiln\u012bbas, piem., saasin\u0101ts j\u016bt\u012bgums, nosliece uz depresivit\u0101ti, gr\u016bt\u012bbas izlemt, var k\u013c\u016bt par sv\u0113tdaro\u0161u \u201ekrustu\u201d, kuru uz\u0146emties nest un kur\u0161 veido cilv\u0113ka gar\u012bg\u0101s dz\u012bves izaicin\u0101jumus (piem.,  tam, kur\u0161 \u0101tr\u0101k j\u016btas s\u0101pin\u0101ts, var b\u016bt liel\u0101kas gr\u016bt\u012bbas piedot p\u0101ridar\u012bt\u0101jiem, k\u0101 ar\u012b ir gr\u016bt\u0101k izdz\u012bvot zaud\u0113jumus). Dievs aicina visus \u2013 neraugoties uz m\u016bsu psiholo\u0123iskaj\u0101m nepiln\u012bb\u0101m vai pat trauc\u0113jumiem.  Galu gal\u0101 \u2013 Vi\u0146\u0161 ta\u010du ir visa Rad\u012bt\u0101js un izmanto visu, kas ir cilv\u0113k\u0101, lai to tuvin\u0101tu sev. Tom\u0113r ir svar\u012bgi apzin\u0101ties, ka tie\u0161i person\u012bbas iez\u012bmes ietekm\u0113 cilv\u0113ka gar\u012bgo procesu norisi un veidolu.<\/p>\n

Kad J\u0101nis no Krusta run\u0101 par paz\u012bm\u0113m, kas liecina, ka dv\u0113seli Dievs ieved j\u016btu nakt\u012b, k\u0101 pirmo vi\u0146\u0161 min nesp\u0113ju rast patiku un iepriecin\u0101jumu nedz Diev\u0101, nedz rad\u012btaj\u0101s liet\u0101s. Tom\u0113r tas ir nepietieko\u0161s krit\u0113rijs, lai no\u0161\u0137irtu mistisku dv\u0113seles st\u0101vokli no psiholo\u0123iskas depresivit\u0101tes, melanholijas, dist\u012bmijas, jo ar\u012b depres\u012bvu trauc\u0113jumu pamatkrit\u0113riji ir \u201eilgsto\u0161i pazemin\u0101ts noska\u0146ojums, kas turpin\u0101s liel\u0101ko dienas da\u013cu, regul\u0101ri \u2013 ik dienas, neatkar\u012bgi no apst\u0101k\u013ciem\u201d, k\u0101 ar\u012b \u201eintereses zudums par nodarb\u0113m, kas agr\u0101k sag\u0101d\u0101ja prieku, vai ar\u012b samazin\u0101ta sp\u0113ja g\u016bt prieku, ko t\u0101s agr\u0101k sniedza\u201d[11]<\/a>. L\u012bdz ar to, lai saprastu, vai dv\u0113sel\u0113 ir s\u0101kusies j\u016btu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas nakts, J\u0101nis no Krusta k\u0101 iz\u0161\u0137iro\u0161u nor\u0101da uz v\u0113l vienu krit\u0113riju \u2013<\/p>\n

\u201eka dv\u0113sele nemit\u012bgi atceras par Dievu un v\u0113r\u0161as pie Vi\u0146a ar raiz\u0113m un s\u0101pjpiln\u0101m r\u016bp\u0113m par to, ka nepiln\u012bgi Vi\u0146am kalpo un ka tikai att\u0101lin\u0101s no Vi\u0146a, ja jau nej\u016bt iepriecin\u0101jumu Vi\u0146a liet\u0101s\u201d (Tum\u0161\u0101 nakts, I 9, 2-3<\/em>).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Depres\u012bvs st\u0101voklis vai citi psiholo\u0123iski ierobe\u017eojumi nav \u0161\u0137\u0113rslis tam, lai Dievs var\u0113tu cilv\u0113ku vest tuv\u0101k pie sevis. Iz\u0161\u0137iro\u0161a \u0161eit ir sirds nost\u0101ja \u2013 sirds, kura \u0161\u0137\u012bsti un patiesi ilgojas p\u0113c t\u0101, lai atkal var\u0113tu vienoties ar savu Rad\u012bt\u0101ju.<\/p>\n

K\u0101 raksta karmel\u012btu t\u0113vs V. Stinissens: \u201eGar\u012bg\u0101s nakts forma un izpausmes veids liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir atkar\u012bgs no personas temperamenta, t\u0101s rakstura, pag\u0101tnes, v\u0113sturiskajiem apst\u0101k\u013ciem, k\u0101dos cilv\u0113ks dz\u012bvo, no cilv\u0113kiem, ar kuriem tiekas, no teolo\u0123ijas un gar\u012bguma veida, kas domin\u0113 konkr\u0113taj\u0101 vid\u0113\u201d[12]<\/a>. Turkl\u0101t liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 tie esam m\u0113s pa\u0161i, kas pie\u0146emam izv\u0113li \u2013 \u013caut Dievam sevi \u0161\u0137\u012bst\u012bt un p\u0101rveidot caur m\u016bsu dz\u012bves ierobe\u017eojumiem un person\u012bbas trauslumu. T\u0113vs Stinissens dal\u0101s sav\u0101 gar\u012bg\u0101s vad\u012bbas pieredz\u0113: \u201eReiz\u0113m gad\u0101s, ka, piedz\u012bvojot lielu nom\u0101kt\u012bbu un pamest\u012bbu, k\u0101ds man jaut\u0101: \u201eVai t\u0101 ir tum\u0161\u0101 nakts?\u201d Parasti tad atbildu: tas esi tu pats, kas to izlem. Ja tu dz\u012bvo sar\u016bgtin\u0101jum\u0101 un centies izvair\u012bties, tad tavas cie\u0161anas liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir bezj\u0113dz\u012bgas un t\u0101s trauc\u0113 tavai dz\u012bvei. Bet ja tu saki \u201ej\u0101\u201d un \u013cauj piln\u012bgu br\u012bv\u012bbu tev\u012b notikt tam, kam ir j\u0101notiek, tad tas var k\u013c\u016bt par tavas tum\u0161\u0101s nakts pieredzes sast\u0101vda\u013cu. Tu sastopi taj\u0101 Dievu. (..) Viena un t\u0101 pati lieta var b\u016bt gan par sv\u0113t\u012bbu, gan par l\u0101stu atkar\u012bb\u0101 no t\u0101, ka tu to uztver.\u201d[13]<\/a> Viss ieg\u016bst j\u0113gu, ja m\u0113s to uzticam Dievam!<\/p>\n

Tai pat laik\u0101 svar\u012bgi ir apzin\u0101ties, ka psihisko cie\u0161anu un ierobe\u017eojumu akcept\u0101cija, kas var k\u013c\u016bt par gar\u012bga procesa sast\u0101vda\u013cu, nenorisin\u0101s autom\u0101tiski un prasa sal\u012bdzino\u0161i daudz pazem\u012bbas. Viens no krit\u0113rijiem, kas liek ap\u0161aub\u012bt, vai persona patie\u0161\u0101m piedz\u012bvo mistisko tum\u0161\u0101s nakts pieredzi ir vi\u0146as v\u0113l\u0113\u0161an\u0101s visiem par to st\u0101st\u012bt! Turkl\u0101t ne visas psihisk\u0101s cie\u0161anas k\u013c\u016bst sv\u0113tdaro\u0161as. T\u0113vs Stinissens no\u0161\u0137ir \u201epatiesas cie\u0161anas\u201d no \u201enepatiesaj\u0101m\u201d (var\u0113tu teikt \u2013 k\u013c\u016bdainaj\u0101m, p\u0101rprastaj\u0101m):<\/p>\n

\u201ePaties\u0101s psihisk\u0101s cie\u0161anas ir sekas nepiepild\u012bt\u0101m fundament\u0101l\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m p\u0113c dro\u0161\u012bbas, j\u0113gas, m\u012blest\u012bbas. Turpretim nepaties\u0101s psihisk\u0101s cie\u0161anas ir izvair\u012b\u0161an\u0101s no patiesaj\u0101m cie\u0161an\u0101m. Visbie\u017e\u0101kais izvair\u012b\u0161an\u0101s meh\u0101nisms ir savas vil\u0161an\u0101s, dusmu un vainas saj\u016btas par savu aizie\u0161anu no Dieva novel\u0161ana uz citiem. T\u0101 viet\u0101, lai \u013cautu Dievam dziedin\u0101t r\u0113tas un pak\u0101penisku non\u0101ktu pie atzi\u0146as, ka nekad jau nav tr\u016bcis m\u012blest\u012bbas, jo Dievs ta\u010du vienm\u0113r ir bijis blakus, nostiprin\u0101s tendence vainot citus, k\u0101 ar\u012b v\u0113l\u0113\u0161an\u0101s, lai citi main\u012btos, pa\u0161am, savuk\u0101rt, neko nedarot \u0161aj\u0101 virzien\u0101\u201d[14]<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Turkl\u0101t v\u0113rt\u012bgi ir atcer\u0113ties, ka ar\u012b \u013caunais gars izmanto cilv\u0113cisk\u0101s v\u0101j\u012bbas un ievainojumus, lai vairotu dv\u0113seles nemieru un pamest\u012bbas saj\u016btu, par kuru run\u0101 Ign\u0101cijs no Lojolas. Vi\u0146\u0161 sal\u012bdzina \u013cauno garu ar kara vadoni, kur\u0161, v\u0113loties iekarot un izlaup\u012bt nocietin\u0101tu pils\u0113tu, uzbr\u016bk no vismaz\u0101k aizsarg\u0101t\u0101s puses: \u201eL\u012bdz\u012bgi ar\u012b cilv\u0113ka dabas ienaidnieks ri\u0146\u0137o un p\u0101rbauda visus m\u016bsu tikumus (..), lai viet\u0101, kur atkl\u0101s m\u016bsu visliel\u0101ko v\u0101j\u012bbu un nepietiekamu nodro\u0161in\u0101jumu m\u016b\u017e\u012bgajai dz\u012bvei, mums uzbruktu un uzvar\u0113tu.\u201d (Gar\u012bgie Vingrin\u0101jumi, 327<\/em>) Liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 m\u0113s neesam atbild\u012bgi (un l\u012bdz ar to \u2013 nevaram par to justies vain\u012bgi!) par saviem psihiskajiem ierobe\u017eojumiem, emocion\u0101lo trauslumu, varb\u016bt pat trauc\u0113jumiem person\u012bbas un saskarsmes jom\u0101, kas ir veidoju\u0161ies m\u016bsu dz\u012bves v\u0113stures, un jo \u012bpa\u0161i \u2013 agr\u012bnas pieredzes rezult\u0101t\u0101, tom\u0113r mums ir j\u0101uz\u0146emas atbild\u012bba par to, k\u0101 tie ietekm\u0113 m\u016bsu pa\u0161u un mums tuvo cilv\u0113ku dz\u012bvi, k\u0101 ar\u012b iesp\u0113ju robe\u017e\u0101s ir j\u0101cen\u0161as psiholo\u0123isk\u0101s probl\u0113mas risin\u0101t, nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbas gad\u012bjum\u0101 mekl\u0113jot ar\u012b profesion\u0101lu psiholo\u0123isku pal\u012bdz\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

Cilv\u0113ks ir vienots veselums, l\u012bdz ar to \u013coti svar\u012bgi ir veicin\u0101t l\u012bdzsvaru un harmonisku att\u012bst\u012bbu vis\u0101s sf\u0113r\u0101s \u2013 gar\u012bgaj\u0101, psihiskaj\u0101 un \u0137ermeniskaj\u0101. Pret\u0113j\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 intens\u012bvas gar\u012bg\u0101s dz\u012bves praktiz\u0113\u0161ana, balstoties uz emocion\u0101li un psihiski nestabiliem pamatiem, var b\u016bt riskanta. Ja jau psihoterapija, kas ir orient\u0113ta uz cilv\u0113ka psiholo\u0123isk\u0101s sf\u0113ras sak\u0101rto\u0161anu, nereti ir diezgan s\u0101p\u012bgs process, jo liek atz\u012bt il\u016bzijas par sevi un nost\u0101ties paties\u012bb\u0101, tad v\u0113l jo vair\u0101k \u201edievi\u0161\u0137\u0101 terapija\u201d, kas norisin\u0101s gar\u012bg\u0101s nakts iespaid\u0101 un ir v\u0113rsta uz dv\u0113seles \u0161\u0137\u012bst\u012b\u0161anu no katras lepn\u012bbas un balst\u012b\u0161an\u0101s uz sevi pa\u0161u, ir s\u0101p\u012bgi atkailino\u0161s process, kas var izrais\u012bt pat \u012bslaic\u012bgu person\u012bbas dezintegr\u0101ciju. Ja cilv\u0113kam ir trausli psihiskie pamati, past\u0101v risks, ka tie nesp\u0113s iztur\u0113t \u0161o intens\u012bvo gar\u012bgo spiedienu un att\u012bst\u012bsies psihosomatiski trauc\u0113jumi, vai ar\u012b persona k\u013c\u016bdaini s\u0101ks interpret\u0113t savas psiholo\u0123isk\u0101s un afekt\u012bv\u0101s probl\u0113mas (piem., depresiju) k\u0101 mistisku pieredzi.<\/p>\n

\u201eTum\u0161\u0101 nakts\u201d un depresija<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u201eDv\u0113sele ir neizskaidrojama lieta \u2013 neviens nezina, kur t\u0101 atrodas, bet visi zina, k\u0101 t\u0101 s\u0101p,\u201d varam tikai piekrist \u0161im tr\u0101p\u012bgajam \u010cehova izteikumam, jo dro\u0161i vien \u201edv\u0113seles s\u0101pes\u201d ir viena no t\u0101m nedaudzaj\u0101m eksistenci\u0101laj\u0101m pieredz\u0113m, kas vieno m\u016bs visus. Skumjas \u2013 t\u0101 ir adapt\u012bva, norm\u0101la m\u016bsu dz\u012bves da\u013ca, jo m\u0113s katrs saskaramies ar zaud\u0113jumiem, savu bezpal\u012bdz\u012bbu, dz\u012bves notikumu nekontrol\u0113jam\u012bbu, vil\u0161anos \u2013 sev\u012b un citos. Tom\u0113r skumjas var k\u013c\u016bt problem\u0101tiskas, ja t\u0101s ir p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgi intens\u012bvas, hroniskas, par\u0101d\u0101s nepiem\u0113rot\u0101s situ\u0101cij\u0101s, k\u0101 ar\u012b veicina neadapt\u012bvu uzved\u012bbu (piem., izol\u0101ciju no citiem, darbu atlik\u0161anu, saskarsmes probl\u0113mas ar citiem, pa\u0161destrukt\u012bvu r\u012bc\u012bbu, atkar\u012bbas utml.).<\/p>\n

Depres\u012bvie trauc\u0113jumi<\/strong> nav viendab\u012bgi, tiem var b\u016bt \u013coti at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bga norise, ilgums, da\u017e\u0101das dzi\u013cuma pak\u0101pes, ko nosaka p\u0113c vair\u0101kiem simptomiem<\/strong>[15]<\/a> \u2013<\/p>\n